What It Is#
Hypothyroidism means the thyroid gland does not make enough hormones for normal metabolism.
Causes And Risk Factors#
Autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid surgery, radioactive iodine treatment, certain medicines, and iodine imbalance are common causes.
Symptoms#
Fatigue, weight gain, dry skin, constipation, hair fall, low mood, menstrual changes, and feeling cold are frequent complaints.
Red Flags#
Seek urgent care for severe drowsiness, confusion, very slow pulse, low body temperature, or swelling with breathing difficulty.
Diagnosis And Tests#
Doctors usually start with TSH and free T4. Some patients also need T3, thyroid antibodies, and ultrasound based on symptoms.
Treatment Overview#
Treatment is usually daily levothyroxine with dose adjustment after repeat tests. Tablets should be taken consistently and away from interfering supplements.
Lifestyle In India#
Use routine medicine timing, adequate protein intake, regular activity, and consistent sleep. Discuss supplement use before combining with thyroid medication.
Prevention And Follow-up#
Repeat thyroid tests 6 to 8 weeks after dose changes, then at clinician-advised intervals when stable.